What it is

The Federal Reserve is the U.S. central bank responsible for monetary policy, financial stability, and the payment system.

Why it matters

The Fed influences short-term rates and financial conditions, which flow through bond yields, credit, the dollar, and equity valuations.

How it affects investors

Investors watch Fed communication to understand whether policy is becoming more restrictive, more supportive, or simply staying patient.

Related concepts

Treasury YieldsInflationLabor MarketFOMC

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Opposite concepts

Fiscal PolicyMarket-Led Easing

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